Indonesia is facing growing domestic and international criticism after its parliament passed a controversial law granting the military a greater role in civilian government. The move has sparked fears of a return to authoritarian rule reminiscent of Suharto’s military-backed dictatorship, which ended in 1998.
The new legislation, supported by President Prabowo Subianto—a former general and Suharto’s son-in-law—allows active-duty military officers to take positions in 14 civilian institutions without retiring first. It also extends the retirement age for generals, enabling four-star officers to serve until age 63.
Pro-democracy activists have staged mass protests outside parliament, chanting slogans like “Return the military to the barracks!” and “Against militarism and oligarchy.” Many see this as a grave threat to Indonesia’s fragile democracy, hard-won after decades of military dominance.
Human rights groups and analysts warn that embedding military personnel in civilian roles will weaken democratic oversight, blur lines of accountability, and revive the military’s notorious “dual function” in security and governance. Critics also point to President Prabowo’s troubling past, including alleged involvement in the abduction of student activists in the late 1990s.
The government argues the changes are necessary to adapt to new global military challenges. However, rights advocates see the move as a step backward. “This is not modernization—it’s militarization,” said Andreas Harsono of Human Rights Watch.
Despite the backlash, protesters vow to keep resisting. “Democracy has been killed by the House of Representatives,” one activist declared. Another student protester added, “We have no choice but to occupy the house of the people.”
As tensions rise, Indonesia finds itself at a critical crossroads—one that may redefine the balance between its military and democracy.
